Kupní smlouva: Co musí obsahovat a jak ji správně sestavit

When you buy a property in the Czech Republic, the kupní smlouva, formální smlouva o převodu vlastnictví nemovitosti, která je závazná pro obě strany a musí být podepsaná ve formě notářského zápisu. Also known as smlouva o prodeji nemovitosti, it is the legal foundation that makes the transfer of ownership official. Without it, you don’t own the apartment, house, or land — no matter how much money you’ve paid. Many people think signing the contract is just a formality, but a poorly written one can cost you thousands — or even your home.

A kupní smlouva, formální smlouva o převodu vlastnictví nemovitosti, která je závazná pro obě strany a musí být podepsaná ve formě notářského zápisu. Also known as smlouva o prodeji nemovitosti, it is the legal foundation that makes the transfer of ownership official. Without it, you don’t own the apartment, house, or land — no matter how much money you’ve paid. A předávací protokol, dokument, který potvrzuje stav nemovitosti a vybavení při předání klíčů kupujícímu. Also known as protokol o předání nemovitosti, it is not legally required, but without it, you have no proof of what was included in the sale — no photos, no list of appliances, no condition report. If the seller claims the dishwasher was never part of the deal, and you didn’t sign a protocol, you’re out of luck. And if the list vlastnictví, úřední dokument z katastru, který potvrzuje, kdo je právním vlastníkem nemovitosti. Also known as katastrální list, it is the official record that shows who owns the property, what’s on it, and whether there are any liens or restrictions has a mistake — like the wrong area or an old mortgage — your contract might be invalid, even if you’ve signed everything.

Producers of windows and doors don’t just sell products — they sell peace of mind. But even the best kupní smlouva won’t protect you if you skip the details. A good contract includes the exact address, the purchase price, payment schedule, conditions for termination, and who pays for what. It must state whether the property includes furniture, appliances, or even garden tools. If the seller says the balcony glazing is included, but it’s not written down, it’s not included. The notary won’t fix your oversight. And if the seller hides a water leak or a cracked foundation — that’s a hidden defect. You have six months to report it under the Civil Code, but only if you have the contract and photos.

You’ll find real examples in the posts below — from how to spot errors in the land registry to why a signed protocol matters more than a handshake. We cover how to handle hidden defects, what to do if the seller refuses to sign, and how to use the contract to force repairs before you move in. No legal jargon. No fluff. Just what you need to know before you hand over your money.